Bilingualism and Brain Lateralization

Bilingualism and Brain Lateralization Polina Gavrilova Brain Lateralization and Neural Networks in Bilinguals as of late, different investigations have been led on bilingualism with respect to the neural premise of the primary language (L1) and second language (L2) handling. The new specialized advances, for example, position emanation tomography (PET) and useful attractive reverberation imaging (fMRI) are utilized to decide if L1 and L2 share a typical neural system or whether dialects are spoken to in various regions of the mind (Dehaene et al., 1997; Perani et al., 1998; Liu, Hu, and Peng, 2010). Studies in neuropsychology have indicated that for the vast majority language preparing happens in the perisylvian regions of the left half of the globe. Examination on bilinguals and polyglots who endured mind injury uncovered that every so often aphasia influences just one of the dialects that were recently gained. This finding recommends that dialects are spoken to in various pieces of the cerebrum (Paradis, 1995, refered to in Perani et al., 1998) and that L2 has diminished leftward lateralization (Albert Perani et al., 1998; Liu, Hu, and Peng, 2010). This paper analyzes whether L1 and L2 are upheld by a typical neural framework or whether a committed cortical region speaks to every language. Moreover, this paper recognizes neural substrates enacted by L1 and L2 during sound-related, word creation, and picture naming errands. Dehaene et al. (1997) analyzed bilinguals (French-English) who procured L2 after the age of seven. The specialists found that while tuning in to an undertaking the prevalent transient sulcus (STS), unrivaled and center fleeting guri (STG and MTG), worldly post (TP), and left precise gyrus (AG) were continually actuated in the left half of the globe for L1. STS and TP were additionally enacted in the correct side of the equator however it fluctuated across subjects and the actuation wasn’t as solid as in the left half of the globe. Likewise, the neural pathway didnâ€℠¢t stretch out to AG. The discoveries for L2 demonstrated more prominent between subject changeability than for L1. The aftereffects of fMRI found that six subjects initiated STS, STG, and MTG in the left fleeting flap for L2. Be that as it may, the pixels of these enactments were scattered contrasted with the outcomes for L1. The second language didn’t cause any enactment in the left TP and AG. Additionally, a portion of the subjects didn’t show any neural initiation in the left worldly area, which recommends that L2 is for the most part ruled by their correct side of the equator. The outcomes likewise showed that subjects actuated extra assets while tuning in to L2. These extra sub-districts were the privilege STG and STS in the correct fleeting projection. Also, aftereffects of L2 indicated that a few subjects enacted different systems outside the worldly flap. In particular, these subjects utilized the left sub-par frontal gyrus, situated in the Broca’s zone , the substandard precentral sulcus, and the foremost cingulate. The exploration shows that L1 reliably enacted the transient projection, particularly invigorating the STS, STG, and MTG in the left half of the globe. A few subjects additionally actuated these cerebral districts for L2 yet with more noteworthy scattering. Members had solid leftward lateralization for L1 and conflicting lateralization designs for L2 across subjects. These outcomes are reliable with the theory that L1 is spoken to in the left half of the globe for a great many people. Besides, the examination proposes that late bilinguals require extra neural systems for L2. In this manner, a few subjects enlisted left substandard frontal gyrus, which is liable for language creation to help keep up L2 while preparing it during undertakings. The foremost cingulate was another extra asset, which is answerable for consideration and control. This proposes L2 isn't as autonomic as L1 and subjects required more assets and th oughtfulness regarding process L2 (Pardo et al., 1990; Posner Paulesu, Frith, and Frackowiak, 1993, refered to in Dehaene et al., 1997).

Information Security Hackers Compromised the MICROS System

Question: Examine about theInformation Securityfor Hackers Compromised the MICROS System. Answer: Section A Penetrate of Oracle Data: Hackers Compromised the MICROS System Presentation The Oracle Corp. has been an extremely enormous programming organization possessing the installment arrangement of retail location Visa called MICROS. The MICROS have been the casualty of cybercrime bunch sorted out in Russia that have been answerable for taking over $1 billion from different organizations in the previous barely any years (Hustad, 2013). The reports on this have been muddled with respect to the quantity of influenced people. In any case, there are more than 330,000 sales enrolls across the world utilizing MICROS frameworks. The Problem On August 8, 2016, Brian Krebs, the security master, first declared the issue at Oracle. One client of MICROS reached Krebs in July about a potential significant penetrate at the retail division of Oracle. Along these lines, examination was begun by Krebs with respect to the cases on 25 July, 2016. Krebs was affirmed by Oracle that there was discovery and tending to of a malevolent code in certain MICROS frameworks heritage. Notwithstanding, Oracle declined in its elaboration or arrangement for more data. Further, the Oracle solicited all clients from MICROS in resetting their passwords for the online help gateway of MICROS. It must be perceived that among the top retail location worldwide merchants, MICROS is one of the chief. There are more than 330,000 sales enlists globally concerning the selling of retail location frameworks of Oracles MICROS division. When MICROS was purchased by Oracle in 2014, the organization reported the arrangement of it at more than 30,000 inns in additio n to in excess of 100,000 retail locales, and more than 200,000 outlets of refreshment and food (Krebs, 2016). How the Incident Happened The several PCs having a place with the organization have been influenced by the penetrate. In addition, online entrance for help that has been being used for remotely tending to any issue of the client. As per Krebs, the usernames and the passwords of MICROS could be taken by the programmers with the manor of pernicious code in the help gateway. This implied with the signing in of the clients, the data was passed onto the assailants (Fox-Brewster, 2016). The unsubstantiated report recommends that the Oracle apparently has worries about the digital crooks regarding chances that transfer of malware can be by them into the frameworks of retail location. Those frameworks have association with the stores sales registers which could have the capability of taking charge and Visa numbers (Fox-Brewster, 2016). The examination is continuing with respect to the degree and the size of the break-in. It is likewise indistinct with respect to when the Oracle frameworks get to was increased first by the aggressors. It is accepted that penetrate was considered by Oracle at first as having restriction to a couple of PCs at the retail division of the organization. Nonetheless, subsequent to pushing new apparatuses of security to the influenced systems frameworks, the agents of Oracle understood the effect of the interruption to more than 700 frameworks that were tainted (Fox-Brewster, 2016). The malware that depend on retail location has been liable for driving the majority of the penetrates in regards to charge card over the recent years that incorporates Home Depot and at Target alongside the breaks at the retail location sellers (Yadron, 2016). The establishment of the malware has been by means of devices of remote organization that has been hacked. Once in the retail location gadgets, the malware is stacked by the aggressors, they can be catching the information remotely at that sales register with each card swipes. The information can be sold by the cheats to hoodlums gaining practical experience in the taken information encoding onto any attractive stripe card and the card can be utilized in purchasing expensive products and purchasing gift vouchers from stores, for example, Best Buy and Target (Kirk, 2010). Arrangement The Oracle has been in the process to send to the clients of the MICROS that it said has been driving the reset of a secret phrase supporting records on the gateway of the MICROS. Prophet suggested their clients in changing the secret phrase for any record that the MICROS delegate has utilized in getting to the clients on premise frameworks. End The happening to the break for Oracle has been at a vital time. This is on the grounds that, Oracle was battling in rivaling the product fat cats, for example, Google and Amazon in the administrations that are cloud based. The penetrate was more than the flare-up of malware at Oracle. Be that as it may, it is far-fetched that the assaulting posse had the disappointment of getting a handle on the force and access immensity that has been controlling the help entry of the MICROS. The worry of the organization was clear in the announcements discharged by Oracle with respect to the trade off of the client accounts qualifications at the help entrance of MICROS. This help entrance is usable and directed remotely and in transferring malware that can take the card at certain frameworks identified with the retail location of the client. Part B 2015 Anthem Medical Data Breach Case Presentation In the social insurance industry, there was a rush of frenzy in view of the break in Anthem. The most significant and touchy data of the customers was uncovered uncovering the degree of the ineptness that the wellbeing business was dependent upon the dangers exuding from the advanced digital hoodlums. The 100 million wellbeing records have been gotten to by the programmers, which has been more prominent by multiple times than before over the FY 2015 (Zetter, 2015). The Problem The wellbeing safety net provider Anthems manager saw in January 2015 that an inquiry that has been abnormally perplexing is on the sudden spike in demand for the PC arrange. The underlying examination was that it was the obligation of a partner, yet it was uncovered after a brisk check it originated from elsewhere (Terhune, 2015). Following couple of moments, the emergency mode appeared for the Anthem. The examiners are of the conviction that it was crafted by Chinese programmers. These programmers worked undetected for quite a long time inside the system of the organization. The entrance was picked up by them with a stunt that prompted the representative tapping on a phishing email that was with a camouflage and appearing as though a message inside sent. With the utilization of the certifications of the head, the database of the Anthem has been brushed by the programmers that contained government managed savings numbers, names and the birth dates of the individuals to the tune 78 million that have the enlistment since 2004 on the protection plans (Abelson Creswellfeb, 2015). Who Were Affected and How Hymn didn't have the correct security set up in limiting the hacking danger or restricting the defenseless data if there was an invasion in the system. The hacking as of now has cost around $230 million to Anthem in specialist and legitimate expenses. The expenses were for the most part secured by its strategy of digital protection (McNeal, 2015). The general direction of Anthem, Thomas Zielinski, notwithstanding, toldthe controllers of protection that since the break, there have been more costs connected to the digital protection. The Anthem has been thinking about the underlying expense ofa breachto the tune of $25 million and the strategy offering has been bought by it as much as $100 million as extra inclusion (Weise, 2015). Avoidance of Attack Song of devotion plansspending$130 million over the time of two years for shielding its system better from the breaks. The controllers were guaranteed by the organization that its framework is reinforced with the means, for example, change of secret phrase given to the director in at regular intervals and enlisting 55 specialists identified with digital security (Abelson Goldstein, 2015). The Anthem ought to likewise be executing two factor confirmations. Further, they ought to be made necessary for the clients in requiring changing their passwords. The workers of Anthem ought not be permitted in getting to individual data that has been past their occupations scope. A few clients have claimed Anthem that the alarms were disregarded by the organization. This incorporates one ready that had enduring of a month. There was disappointment with respect to Anthem in actualizing frameworks that would do checking of the information extraction and utilization. Presently, the organization is enriched with two factor validation for its framework directors of elevated level. During the Anthems review, which occurred in September 2013, the examiner general of the Personnel Management of US Office said that Anthem is equipped with vulnerabilities that have been the impetus for hacking movement and malignant infection (Reuters, 2015). These remedial is required to taken by Anthem or it tends to confront fines. How was the Attack Carried Out? The agents of the hacks are of the conclusion that the hacks rose up out of China. Be that as it may, there has been refusal from the Chinese government with respect to their contribution in hacking. The agents of US accept that their safety net providers were focused by the Chinese programmers as it occurred with Anthem, so they can get familiar with the way back up plan databases and the clinical inclusion can be set up. For insight purposes, there is esteem connected to the records. One of the needs of the Chinese government has been the human services difficulties that they attempts to address as they faces a prosperous and maturing populace that requests better consideration (Pepitone, 2015). At the point when the disclosure of hacking was made by the overseer of Anthem on 27 January, it has been the extraction of the patient pieces of information enormous document. It is accepted that the programmers have been for a considerable length of time in the framework. They remained under the radar as they run various inquiries concerning the database in understanding it before the documents have been evacuated (Terry, 2015). The rehashing designs were utilized by the programmers to extricate information and adjusted the question marginally in maintaining a strategic distance from recognition. At that point the information was evacuated by them followed by moving it to a scrambled offer site that has comparability with drop box. The decision of the programmers in sharing a simil

Implementation and Evaluation Plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Usage and Evaluation Plan - Assignment Example During making arrangements for the usage procedure, exactness of important subtleties and centered execution is of embodiment. There are different methodologies which have been fronted by numerous clinical specialists and researchers as being compelling in this procedure (Canadian Council on Smoking and Health, 2003). As has been noted in before conversation, viable end intercessions for tobacco related issues require a social insurance office based program, which was approximated to take at least in any event a month and a half. This would join different techniques and devices to aid the usage procedure. While doing this arrangement, the cooperation of all partners is of more prominent significance since claiming of any program by those influenced is one certain method for guaranteeing it is all around executed. The usage plan would make the accompanying strides: Determining the main program and type that should be tended to Here, the discontinuance intercession projects will consid er the three most significant kinds of picking up change. These future the familiarity with the impacts and need of changing the conduct, strong condition that would guarantee the medical attendants are not pulled in to smoking and are supported by the endeavors, and the adjustment in way of life for these medical attendants to begin considering some to be their ordinary practices as really being anomalous. This usage part necessitates that the wellbeing office distinguishes before execution the qualities and pertinent shortcomings of the attendants to guaranteeing that the above parts of progress are figured it out. For this situation, we exploit the qualities that these smoking medical caretakers need to adjust to change by utilizing them to vanquish their shortcomings. This is on the grounds that the usage program is outfitted towards ensuring that we have a drawn out impact and change in conduct in that the end would last more (Royal College of Nursing, 2002). While making mindf ulness; the degree of mindfulness for members is expanded by making an enthusiasm for the point. For this situation, bulletins, wellbeing fairs, banners and testing for poisonous levels could be figured it out. This basically works by spurring the medical caretakers to go to the mediation program. In way of life change, the conduct of the member is changed. This will be done through adjustment forms, ability working to handle the desire for smoking and utilizing the experiential learning forms. This sort of execution practice ought to be done all through the period dispensed for the mediation program. Steady condition will be given to guarantee that a long haul, solid and supported way of life is accomplished by these medical caretakers. This will be actualized by putting a lot of accentuation Determination of the degree of power of the intercession program In the usage procedure, the degree of force where the mediation program is being done will help in the assurance of the level o f accomplishment, and this is influenced by the measure of assets set up, time that has been allotted for such an activity, and the HR accessible in the doing of the procedure. It is normal that the degree of mindfulness for attendants going to the mediation for suspension of smoking probably won't be high since the majority of the medical caretakers may expect they definitely know enough. In any case, it is conceived that since an empowering situation that supports change of conduct would have been set up, including best exercise offices, arrangement of sound nourishments

A Lawyers Real Job [Spoiler Alert Reality Check]

Make sure you are keeping check of reality whilst watching reality law shows! With the rise of true-crime series and podcasts – I’m looking at you Making of a Murderer and Serial – some people may be applying to law school with stars in their eyes. While lawyers do have important jobs – criminal justice couldn’t run without them – there are some realities you should be aware of when you apply to law school. 1. Law is actually fairly tedious.  By the time you finish reading International Shoe and annotating footnotes in your Civil Procedure textbook, you will figure out that, like many academic professions, law requires patience and the ability to sift through a large amount of detail. 2. The wheels of justice turn slowly.  Being a lawyer means accepting that sometimes you can only nudge the needle a little bit at a time. I had a great law professor who told me that his initial goal was never to win, but rather to lose after some amount of consideration. It can take a long time to change laws using the courts. 3. Lawyers represent their clients.  In some ways, being a lawyer is not a lot different from serving food at a restaurant – the client dictates the time and costs constraints as well as the result they want. A large part of being a lawyer in the real world is doing the best thing for your client, even if it’s not particularly advantageous to your career or your own desire to make a particular point. The actual people you represent have their own ideas about what is important. 4. Law applies to the real world.  There’s a law school maxim that â€Å"bad facts make bad law.† It’s true in practice, too. Usually, the facts of the case – the who, what, when, where – matter more than the theory behind it. There’s always an underlying principle that legal decisions have to make some sense. Now, that’s something you can borrow for your moot court debate. 5. Sometimes, you lose.  This happens to television lawyers as well, but it’s worth noting. If you are applying to law school hoping to rely on your ability to persuade anyone based on your excellent debate skills – well, believe it or not, sometimes justice isn’t on your side. As an applicant, what should you do? Should you allow your television or podcast habits to influence your personal statement? Not really. Many people who apply to law school are idealists, like the defense lawyers in Making of a Murderer and want to make a difference in people’s lives. A better way to show your idealism and a mature, realistic understanding of the law is to emphasize your ability to think analytically as well as your ability see both sides of an issue. hbspt.cta.load(58291, '5443a258-0d74-4529-8836-cf9127e33d4d'); Jessica Pishko graduated with a J.D. from Harvard Law School and received an M.F.A. from Columbia University. She spent two years guiding students through the medical school application process at Columbia’s PostBacc Program and teaches writing at all levels.   Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  The Law School Admissions Guide: 8 Tips for Success  [free guide] †¢Ã‚  5 Tips for Your Law School Personal Statement †¢Ã‚  Characteristics Law Schools Are Seeking in Applicants

Bullying And Its Effect On Children - 1144 Words

Bullying is found in elementary, middle, and high school all around the world. School bullying occurs at similar rates such as cultures, countries and educational settings. It can take many direct and indirect forms, like physical violence, name calling, taunting, teasing, horrible rumors, and social exclusion. Since the late 90’s, several school shootings committed by the victims of the school bullying have brought media attention to the issue. First, bullying depends upon imbalance of power, which can be created by any number of factors, but not limited to physical size, age, popularity. bullying is deliberate; a bully intends to cause harm in distress to his/her victim. Bullying can come in direct and indirect forms. Physical violence†¦show more content†¦It is estimated that 160,000 students miss school everyday due to fear of attack or intimidation by bullies. 1 in 7 students in 5-12 is either a bully or a victim of bullying, 56% of students have personally witnessed some type of bullying at school. 15% of all absenteeism is directly related to fears of being bullied at school, 71% of student report incidents of bullying as a problem at their school. 1 out of 20 has seen a student with a gun in school. This girl was a 7th grader, she had met a guy on an online chat room who had talked her into flashing her breasts. A year later, this guy contacted her on Facebook and asked her to put† a show on† for him. He soon then threatened to release if she didn t do what the guy wanted. this guy knew everything about the girl, her friends,family,name, address, everything. Soon than, her pictures were released. Her whole school, friends saw the pictures and started to bully her and tease her. She became severely depressed, developed anxiety, and became to use drugs and alcohol. a year later, she switched schools, found a new group of friends the guy soon came back and created a new Facebook page, using her topless photo and changed it to his profile picture. Her friends soon then started to ignore her talking about her and bullying her. She soon then reveals her true feelings on flashcards and posted on YouTube, telling how she cried everything and lost her friends, she also starte d cutting. Later then again

The Paradox Of Thomas Mores Utopia As An Adjective

When Thomas More penned Utopia in 1535, he not only created a new genre in fiction, he also created a new adjective. Miriam-Webster defines Utopia as: a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions. An alternate definition given by the same dictionary is: an impractical scheme for social improvement.(Miriam-Webster) For the purpose of this essay we will be focusing on the latter; Utopia as an adjective. The paradox of the paradigm of Mores Utopia is that all human beings are governed on some level by their ego. For example; most, if not all men have bravado. And, all men, and women suffer from their own vanity. Even within the confines of their own relationship of the utopians with their higher†¦show more content†¦This text is nearly five hundred years old. The world Hythloday, and More lived in was literally birthed from the dark ages. The division between rich and poor was more than modest. (Forward 3) Yet despite his best effort to fi nd answer to the division of classes in Henry VIIIs Brittania More is imprisoned by the constructs of his world view. In his effort to rebuke his modern-day aristocracy, More is stuck within the confines of the world that he knows. His attempt to bridge the gap between rich and poor falls short in his creation of Utopian hierarchy of princes, diplomats, and clergy. Despite Mores attempt to design an elaborate form of democracy, in which all men are not created equally, the prince is still ruler for life. Falling short of tyranny he remains in office for life.(Puchner 2158) This, in and of itself seems contradictory to a society in which none is greater than the lesser. In a land where there is little need for laws, nor room for attorneys, the governor of this Utopian society must surely check his ego for inflation, or risk becoming like ordinary aristocratic rulers. After all, if not for wealth, and power, it is left to the reader to discern that it is his wit, and intelligence that defines his nobility. It is commonality, and equality that defines the citizens of Utopia. (Forward 3) Yet, in the

Smoking Should be Banned Only Developed Country

Question: Discuss about the Report of Smoking should be banned worldwide for only Developed Country. Answer: In todays world cigarette smoking has become a common threat in not onlydeveloped country but also in developing country. It is a well known fact that cigarette smoking is injurious to health but still people are making it a habit. And because of the influence from social circle, youths inculcate the habit of smoking. There are around 700 chemical elements like nicotine, carbon etc which are used in the making of a cigarette. Coughing, deterioration of physical health, lungs etc are some of the diseases which are caused by smoking cigarette (Pastalavista, 2012). The hard earned money is being wasted on buying cigarettes rather to use it or spend it on food, Education and health. Money can be regarded as one the major elements to buy a cigarette. But at the same time if money is not available people rely on activities like stealing and robbing etc. So it can be said that money is not an issue for the smokers if they want to smoke they will by any means. It is noted that majority of criminals are smokers because smoking contributes to lack of thinking, as a result of which people lose control over their mind. (Pastalavista, 2012). In this regard the thesis statement is stated as, Whether smoking should be banned worldwide or not.(Quit Smoking Community, 2016). In past several years, various laws have been enacted in order to ban smoking in different parts of the country. All nations have their own prescribed legislatures regarding smoking. Some countries ban the use of cigarettes in public places completely and impose heavy penalty for the same. Although some countries allow smoking in certain places, such as bars and clubs. According to Various Studies done by the researchers it has been observed that smoking not only contributes to bad health of the smokers but also the people who are close to them. Other individualswho dont smoke are becoming passive smokers as they intake the smoke which the smokers breathes out. Therefore, it is believed that smoking should be banned in public places. Although people argue from both the ends as some people argue that smoking should not be banned and some argue that it should be. The bans which are being imposed on cigarette smoking in bars, restaurants etc are imposed in order to help non smokers against inhaling tobacco smoke and becoming passive smokers. The rate of heart attacks has increased now days to which smoking contributes a larger share. Various researches have been done and it was founded that laws made in order to prevent smoking have helped in reducing the rate of heart attacks (Winslow, 2016). People who are against smoking think that health is the main concern for the people, so it should be outlawed completely citing bad health. It is said that it would be good and for the betterment of public at large, as they will be free from smoking cigarettes for whole of their life.The people who smoke sometimes argues on some points that passive smokers who get harm by the smoke sit there by will of their own to breathe in others smoke by going to such places which allow smoking.At the same time they agree that for once the smokers should be allowed to smoke but up to a limit so that the rights of people close to them are not being affected.Drinking cigarettenot only harm the adults but also the children who are nearby. The people who smoke do not have an ability to make a difference between good and bad things. Therefore they not only pollute the whole environment but also the society (Pastalavista, 2012). Although some people favor smoking, but it has been a proven fact that smoking cigarette not only results in bad health of the smokers but also of public at large. Any person who is in indirect or direct contact with the compounds like tobacco can inculcate diseases like cancer of mouth, lungs and different body parts. It is not good to blame others for such a cause. Although as a result of imposing ban the smokers feel that the freedom and rights given to them under the constitution are violated.Non- smokers accept that smokers may sometimes feel that their rights are being violated by outlawing their habit of smoking. The price paid for buying a cigarette may be small but because of it the health of people at large is on stake. (Quit Smoking Community, 2016). Many smokers consider that the restriction imposed on them is unfair as this habit is bad for them and therefore government is no one to make concern for the same. They believe that there should be exemption given to them to smoke in private property and some public places. Thailand was regarded as one of the worlds fast runners in order to fight against the ban of smoking from public places as a result laws relating to anti- smoking were introduced in the nation in 2002.After 5 years, UK also introduced similar laws in their nation Scotland in 2006.As in Thailand the restrictions on indoor smoking was levied in 2002 and since then only smoking is prohibited in all the air conditioned indoors exempting the areas for entertainment. In 2008 the nation announced several other restrictions stating that smoking should be banned both in indoors, outdoors and places which are open for public including bars, restaurants etc. People who failed to comply with the said provisions were asked to incur a 2,000 baht fine and for public places will face a fine of 20,000 baht for not imposing ban including the display of NO SMOKING sign boards (Beyond The Mango Juice, 2012). It is concluded in the end that as smoking is a cause of a lot of bad habits and also is injurious to health of people who smoke and public at large. So cigarette should be banned although it is not easy to stop it in one shot but if government makes stringent laws on cigarettes and also impose a Hefty amount of penalty on smoking cigarette then it will to some extent help the public. It can also be done by imposing taxes. A better world can be made or left for the upcoming generation if smoking is eliminated by willingness of smokers and other crimes (Pastalavista, 2012). Cigarette is also regarded as a death causing element in the history of the human civilization. As a result of smoking Cigarette about 6 million people die every year. It is also regarded as a defective drug which is extremely harmful because it produces an inhalable smoke which harms people at large (Proctor, 2016). An initiative has already been taken by the government in the form of Nicotine Chewing gums which have been out there in the market for the benefit of the people who smoke. So government should ask the food departments to make such kind of food in which they include such a type of ingredient which can help the smokers to eat it more whenever they go to a place to smoke. They should feel that they are having such a good food that they dont require any smoke after having such a tasty dish. There are few recommendations which can be provided to support the argument that cigarette should be banned worldwide such as Government should provide some kind of benefits so that individuals get attracted towards those and even though for a shorter span they will be not be in contact of such activity. Government should create rehabilitation centers for the chain smokers so that they can stay there without any cost and implementation of various activities, exercises and other programs can help them to recover from various illness caused by continuous smoking. References: Beyond The Mango Juice. (2012). Smoking in Thailand Thailands Anti- Smoking Laws. Retrieved on 23rd Aug, 2016 from:https://www.thaisabai.org/2012/11/thailands-anti-smoking-laws/. Pastalavista.(2012).Smoking should be banned completely in your country. Do you agree or disagree?.Retrieved on 23rd Aug, 2016 from:https://testbig.com/ielts-essays/topic-smoking-should-be-banned-completely-your-country-do-you-agree-or-disagree. Proctor, R.N.(2016).Why ban the sale of cigarettes? The case for abolition.Retrieved on 23rd Aug, 2016 from: https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/22/suppl_1/i27.full. Quit Smoking Community. (2016). The Big Debate: Should Cigarette Smoking Be Banned. Retrieved on 23rd Aug, 2016 from:https://quitsmokingcommunity.org/the-big-debate-should-cigarette-smoking-be-banned/. Winslow, R. (2016).The Case for Bans on Smoking.THE WALL STREET JOURNAL.Retrieved on 23rd Aug, 2016 from:https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052970203803904574426921442513660.

John Proctor As A Tragic Hero Essays - Salem Witch Trials

John Proctor As A Tragic Hero The Crucible, written in 1953 by Arthur Miller is an accurate portrait of the which hunts and trials in Salem Massachusetts during the 17th century. The story revolves around a man named John Proctor. Over the course of the book, John proctor goes from just being an observer in the which hunts, to having his wife accused, to being accused himself and eventually hung. John Proctor, a tragic hero, died due to his own faults. John Proctor lived out his life as a noble Christian man. He can be described as even tempered, and not easily led and also respected and even feared. He is also stubborn and possessed a strong sense of right and wrong. Of all of the characters is the book, Proctor was obviously the most skeptical. All of these are some of the traits that caused him to become a tragic hero. Over the course of the book, John Proctors state of mind changes greatly. During the beginning of the book he is relatively happy and content in his life. As the story progresses he becomes more and more angry and distraught. This is particularly evident in the quote We are what we were in Salem, but now the little crazy children have the keys to the kingdom, and common vengeance writes the law! This warrant's vengeance! I'll not give my wife to vengeance!after his wife becomes accused and put on trial. It is ironic that only just before his death that proctor finally peace with his wife but cannot live with her happily ever again. One of the most substantial pieces of evidence of John proctor being a tragic hero is that he died due to his own faults. All of his misfortunes in the story can be traced back to the biggest mistake he ever made. That mistake was Abigail Williams. His affair with Abigail caused Abigail to jealously accuse Proctor's wife of witchcraft in an attempt to get rid of her. Being the good person he is, Proctor stood by her and tried to defend her innocence. As the trial progresses, John Proctor himself is accused of witchcraft by his former servant Mary Warren. He is eventually condemned by his own big mouth at the end of act 3, For them that quail to bring men out of ignorance, as I have quailed, and as you quail now when you know in all your black hearts that this be a fraud- God damns our kind especially, and we will burn, we will burn together! This quote is from when John Proctor is so angry that he lashes out at the situation, and ensures to everyone is the court that he is guilty. In conclusion, John Proctor obviously fits the description of a tragic hero, he is a good and noble person, he goes from happiness to misery, and the cause of his death was his own faults. John proctor was a good person, but his own faults brought his demise. American History

buy custom War and the Republic essay

buy custom War and the Republic essay Introduction Academic scholars debate the real purpose of the U.S. foreign policy. Some analyze the foreign policies from collected research and investigations to conclude that America implements these polices to foreign nations only because of self-interest. The benefits that the U.S. derives from foreign policies outweigh the benefits foreign nations derive. Other scholars are quick to respond to the U.S. foreign policy as appropriate measures that a primacy should take to maintain national security, promote world peace, foster humanitarian efforts, promote democracy in oppressed nations and lastly enhance the global economy. The mainstream theorists concur with the position America takes on the global market in increasing or decreasing the value of dollar to affect international trade, the war on terrorism and defense resources that enable the U.S. to have the largest military and weapons systems. The fore fathers of America implemented a neo-conservative system where law and regulations governing the world enhance political, economic and social systems of all countries. This tradition has been carried out regardless of the method used by the U.S. to ensure that the foreign nations achieve the set standards to co-exist in a new world order. Americas use of force is not only effective in some parts of the world, but it also shows that the U.S. is the only super power that has the capability to deploy its military troops in any part of the world to maintain peace, promote democracy and foster humanitarian efforts (Jerick, 2010). The use of force is a quick and easy way to solve conflict as compared to employing the sanctions of the United Nations (UN) that cannot be implemented. Thesis statement: The U.S. foreign policy is implemented to serve the needs of other nations as well as those of Americans as supported by mainstream theorists, but as a primacy, the U.S. abuses its power while developing other nations to improve and sustain the power it holds. Traditional Perspectives of U.S. Foreign Policy National Security The U.S. faces resistance from Islamic extremists, arms dealers and drug traffickers. National Security is protected when other nations or individuals threaten to destruct the defense structure, economic stability and living conditions of Americans. Threats to the National Security are in three distinct categories: state-centered threats, weapons of mass destruction from Islamic extremists and transnational threats (Jerick, 2010). State-centered threats affect different states in the U.S. when foreign nations use their weapons to cause destruction. Countries that have nuclear, chemical and biological weapons point their attack at the U.S. citizens because of the power the U.S. held in the global community and historical methods of solving conflict, which is through force or weapons. State-centered threats include both internal and external conflicts of foreign countries that hold resources that are valuable to the U.S. The war in Iraq and Afghanistan was to obtain democracy for the freedom of their citizens and to acquire oil, which is a very valuable resource for the economy and production of goods and services in the U.S. The internal conflict in Iraq was due to Saddam Husseins dictatorship, which prevented free markets and encouraged discrimination of women, children and men who tried to exercise democracy. Weapons of mass destruction from Islamic extremists such as members of Al-Qaeda contributed to the great loss of lives and property damage in 11th September bombings in the U.S. The terrorists carried the bombs into commercial flights and directed the airplanes to major architectural buildings such as the World Trade Center, hence killing thousands of Americans. The attacked marked the beginning of a new contemporary war against Iraq, the home of insurgents. Transnational threats occur when offenders come into the U.S. crossing the borders and carrying illegal objects such as drugs, weapons and illegal refugees. Drug trafficking from Mexico and illegal refugees immigration are the current transnational threats disrupting the lives and environment of American citizens. Local American teenagers are the target of drug cartels in Mexico. These teenagers receive drugs from drug lords in Mexico and then sell the drugs to fellow students, parents and other citizens with guns on their backpacks. Illegal immigrants cross the border into U.S. territory through dangerous means to achieve the American dream of improved living standards, but they are surprised to work overtime for low pay because they are illegal refugees. Free Markets Free markets allow the U.S. improve its economy and sustain the American living standards, which is higher than those of all other nations. Foreign policies created by the U.S. to serve as trade laws for foreign countries contribute to the global economy, because nations trade goods and services that they require for livelihood while coexisting as neighbors who depend on each other for development and sustenance. Multinationals that expand to new foreign markets contribute to the overall development of the global economy, because jobs are created for locals and revenue used to improve the U.S. economy. America controls the global economy, especially in the foreign exchange rates. Countries import or export products to the U.S. under the terms and conditions of the U.S. foreign policy because as a primacy, it has the right and will set trade rules and regulations to benefit its citizens. Countries that are ruled by dictators prevent free markets (Jerick, 2010). This means that the U.S. will use force to acquire the valuable resources that nation has for the purpose of sustenance. Iraq is a perfect example of a country that suffered under the rule of a dictator and insurgents for many years. The U.S. deployed its military troops in Iraq for three basic reasons: to eliminate all weapons of mass destruction, promote democracy and allow other nations to trade freely using Iraqs oil reserve. Currently American jobs are outsourced to foreign countries because of cheap labor, advanced education, skills and experience worldwide. Accounting jobs that are outsourced to India pay a minimum of $500 and a maximum of $800, which is a good salary for an employee who lives and works in India. Multinationals expand garment industries, computer companies and shoes industries in China and Japan, hence paying low cost of production for human labor but enjoying higher revenues. Democracy Democracy is a traditional principle developed by the fore fathers of America in fighting for independence against the British Colony and in supporting its allies in World War II. Democracy sets base for promotion of human rights, world peace and free markets. Without democracy, dictators exercise corruption, violence and discrimination of citizens. The U.S. foreign policy is dedicated to use force and diplomacy for failed countries to achieve democracy, because it marks the beginning of economic, political and social improvement. The democratic countries oppose and express their concerns as the ruling government abuses power. The U.S. continues to nurture countries in South America, Eastern and Central Europe and sub-Saharan Africa to become economic and diplomatic partners. In Iraq, Saddam had oppressed civilians and repressed the rights of women in voting, because his dictatorship proved to serve his interest as compared to the needs of the Iraqis and the global community. The U.S. foreign policy liberates countries that originate from colonialism oppression to dictatorship. Presidents who abuse power because they are in authority undermine economic developments, humanitarian efforts and world peace. Human Rights Countries that continue to defy U.S. foreign policy advances of democracy undermine human rights efforts. The American foreign policies united with efforts from the United Nations (UN) lead governments to practice accepted standards by the international community. In America, the rights of women, children, the disabled and the disadvantaged are protected. Workers in the U.S. job sector work according to salary they are paid and under favorable conditions that allow growth and career development. Other countries, however, lack such institutions that protect human rights. The U.S. foreign polcy steps in to help people who are oppressed by their leaders or other members of the community with the intention of improving the global economy and individual living standards. The International Criminal Court (ICC) investigates and prosecutes leaders who engaged in War Crimes. Saddams trial in the ICC led to his persecution by hanging in Iraq after he had been found guilty of crimes against humanity among other charges. The perpetrators of the Rwanda genocide were persecuted but some have sought refuge in some African states. The ICC issues warrants of arrests for perpetrators of crime in African states, encouraging them to cooperate with the international community in promoting human rights. The current situation of human trafficking is exercised in African states where children playing or returning home from school are abducted and sold to European human traffickers. These children become sex slaves in foreign countries and end up homeless when they defy the orders of their oppressors. Some children are trafficked from the Philippines, China and Cambodia. The U.S. foreign policy helps to protect the rights of children who have been trafficked from other poor countries in deporting them to their families or creating an asylum where their rights will be protected from sexual predators. The U.S. also offers free but temporary protection for people who originate from war-torn countries or fleeing from human rights abuses. These asylum seekers will only be returned to their countries after peace or human rights are exercised. In countries that defy human rights, the U.S. imposes sanctions such as economic sanctions, travel bans to the U.S. and U.S. assets freeze of leaders w ho abuse human rights. World Peace World peace is only achieved through arms control in all nations. Transparency in all defense systems worldwide ensure that world peace is promoted. All nations need to declare the size, structure and budget for arms control, military forces and finally reduce the incentives to declare and initiate attacks. The U.S. foreign policy is intended to create a safer and productive world that depends on the cooperation of all nations to achieve common goals. The reduction of offensive arms in developed nations is currently shifting to destabilizing systems. The U.S. and Russia are destroying their nuclear warheads. Other countries that were affected by World War II or took part in the war have received a ban on landmines and biological weapons that might still be active. These bans increase world peace while preventing or limiting conflict between nations. The U.S. Senate approved the Bill called Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty that prevented all nations that develop nuclear weapons from test ing them, because it would affect the lives of many people (Jerick, 2010). The U.S. foreign policy also implements security and confidence building in regions that experience instability and tension. Data from Mainstream Theorists Neoconservative Convergence Neo-conservative convergence can be defined as a political and intellectual movement that favors economic, political and social advancements that arise in antagonism to the current or perceived liberal or radical traditional views of a nation. This system was used in the late 1960s, but it was implemented in Iraq in seeking democracy and allowing its citizens to exercise their rights as human beings. America used excessive power in trying to democratize Iraq during the recent war. President Bush stated that for America to defend its citizens and other nations, advance freedom should be sought (Krauthammer, 2005). This implies that freedom has its costs and people should be ready to face the consequences of acquiring freedom from an oppressive government. The war in Iraq generated a series of heated debate on whether the use of neo-conservative convergence would benefit the country, since it seemed to be failing in the first few years of American invasion. Many people who supported the Bush administration during the war abandoned his bandwagon after the results of Iraqs post-war seemed to be the greatest failure in history of all implemented foreign policies. The Bush administration was accused of being incompetent, criminal and deceitful (Krauthammer, 2005). The crimes against the Iraqis ruined a traditional policy that was created and implemented by the fore fathers of America. Currently, the situation in Iraq and Afghanistan has taken the world of critics by surprise when the first free and fair Afghani and Iraqi elections were held. The mainstream media could not understate the elections in Iraq because of the controversy over the neo-conservative convergence method applied by the Bush administration during the war that destroyed the nation. Women and men voted in both Afghanistan and Iraq while the other Arab countries watched and wondered why they are still under dictatorship. This sparked civil unrest in Arab countries that had suffered under the rule of powerful dictators such as Hosni Mubarak and Muammar Gadhafi. The harsh critics who disregarded the Bush administration in using neo-conservative convergence now wonder whether the former President was right. In Iraq, the insurgents have the ability to instill fear, kill and destabilize the elected government but the elections confirmed that the insurgents lack a strong political program, ideology and mind to assume power in Iraq. Neo-conservative convergence administered by President Bush has made Iraq a democratic nation, a country that was marked for sorrow, brutality, and terrorism and undeveloped. A World Without a Super Power or Primacy According to Ferguson (2004), people who disregard power tend to believe that power exists in a vacuum and that it should be evenly distributed among people. This concept will lead to chaos, violence and discrimination, because individuals will desire and strive to rise above each other (2004). Power is can be equated to money in the contemporary society. Money comes and goes, but this entirely depends on the efforts of the spender. Power belonged to Spain, then France and most recently the UK. All these power houses utilized power the way they desired some took colonies while others took economic and social strategic positions in the world. In the contemporary society, the United States holds power in its political, military, social and economic structure. The super powers in the past succumbed because of overstretching. The U.S. is overstretched with most of the funds directed to defense but if the U.S. fails as a super power the alternatives: Japan, China and Germany will not take its place because of poor military, economy and social bases. America has two rivals in the power seat: China and the European Union (EU). Chinas economic growth doubles at a fast rate, but recently, its economy has slowed and this is good news to the U.S. The EU is slowly becoming powerful in its efforts in world peace, global economy and humanitarian efforts. Power struggle is a universal mastery that is adopted by different nations that have the resources and force to take strategic position. The EU has displayed an impressive economic enlargement, but it cannot be a super power because of its demography and rise of life expectancy. The fertility rates in the European societies have dropped drastically making Europe have 60 year-olds by 2050. This means that the EU cannot function as a super power, while its citizens are old and weak members of the global community. China on the other hand cannot play on the power field because its industrial production is more that the domestic consumption. This means that China depends entirely on exports for its economy, while communist domination breeds corruption and obstructs fiscal transparency. The moral decay of the Chinese citizens cannot serve as a role model in the global community taking a recent case of hit and run accident of a Chinese toddler. Wang Yue, the Chinese toddler who was hit and ran over by two tracks and ignored by 19 passers-by died of organ and brain failure. The footage of this accident and people neglecting the injured toddler from surveillance cameras was uploaded in Chinese local websites. It was later spread at the websites all over the Internet for the world to see the decay of China, a nation that wants to play in the power field. Data from Critics The Power Problem Christopher Preble is a critic of the U.S. foreign policy imposed on other countries for the benefit of the U.S. and its citizens. Hee is an executive of foreign policy studies in Washington at Cato Institute. Preble takes a different perspective concerning the power theme vested by the U.S. He considers the American defense on its borders to be the solitary legitimate use of American military power. Preble and his colleagues assert that the U.S. has the right to protect its citizens from threats and insecurity, and the military does that in it borders by preventing illegal emigrants transporting arms, drugs or illegal information (Preble, 2009). The rest of the military actions deployed to foreign countries are illegal and cost many resources including human capital. Preble denies his being an isolationist, but he is strongly inclined to free trade. Preble asserts that deploying military troops at foreign countries to wage wars leaves the U.S. vulnerable (2009). Creation of permanent alliance of interests with foreign countries distorts Americas foreign policies. Preble objects to spending money on ventures in foreign countries because it will bring the U.S. great losses. This money should be routed to social welfare programs that will only benefit Americans, or this money should be left in the pockets of American taxpayers. President Roosevelt described the military intervention during the Cold War as Americas power. Even though the Cold War was ended through negotiations, some people claim that as a primacy, the U.S. is allowed to endorse strong military personnel ready for any response but it should not be used frequently. Preble disagrees with this concept, because a military ready at any moment to wage war against foreign nations will be irresistible to temptation in intervening civil unrest and unprovoked war (Preble, 2009). The U.S. should consider using fewer resources in the defense department because it would save money for social welfare and it would fund other projects that can create employment opportunities for the youth in the U.S. Prebles ideology coincides with those of the Americas founders. The founding fathers asserted that America did not need a large military to be constantly wage war against foreign nations (Preble, 2009). America is a nation that can rise from the ruins and create the strongest economy, defense and social life, but when it is inclined to defense, all funds will be directed to that sector leaving the whole system unbalanced. Failed States Albert Einstein regarded people from all parts of the world as same species, and he appealed to all nations to consider working as a unit in achieving a single goal to avoid waging war and ending the human race. Chomsky asserts that the world accords itself the freedom, and it will to wage war under the cloak of self-defense (2006). Foreign nations follow strict international laws, rules and treaties, but the same laws are not relevant to America. The Bush and Reagan administrations enabled the U.S. to be free from strict laws that are termed as foreign policies that only apply to alien countries (Chomsky, 2006). Traditional moral standards of the U.S. declare that Americans must apply the same standards to their allies and neighbors as they do in their lives. This principle of universality is however ignored and sometimes termed as outrageous because foreign nations are inferior to the U.S. in many ways. In 2002, President Bush declared that his administration was sympathetic to pov erty, hunger, sexual discrimination, child mortality, disease, primary education and maternal health in Africa. He created a program called Millennium Challenge Boost intended to collect $10 billion to boost the living standards of the Africans (Chomsky, 2006). This program failed, and the Bush administration responded appropriately to show the world that someone should be held accountable for the failure. The head of the program resigned and the statements from President Bushs speeches about being sympathetic to Africas ailments were deleted from the programs website. President Bush even rejected an official call from Tony Blair, the previous Prime minister of the U.K., in contributing some funds to help Africa. Bush only agreed to contribute to the aid only when the funds were consistently reduced, which would lead to deaths of about 6 million Africans due to preventable diseases, hunger and poverty. President Bushs new ambassador, John Bolton, demanded the elimination of all phra ses that talked about the Millennium Development goals from all the documents prepared after intensive research and negotiations had been made to combat sexual discrimination, poverty, hunger and child mortality in Africa (Chomsky, 2006). In the war against terrorism, the U.S. is quick to point fingers that the terrorist damage lives and properties while neglecting to show how Americas terrorism destroys innocent lives and property in war torn countries. In response to the war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the U.S. term their actions as appropriate measures to combat terrorist and the innocent lives caught in the middle of the war zone are accidents or collateral damage. Democracy defined by the U.S. includes blood being shed, properties damaged and later democracy emerging as the recent case in Libya where NATOs military damaged property and innocent lives in the name of democracy. Middle East Failed Democracy Lance Selfa is amazed at the way the U.S. citizens joined the Bush administration bandwagon in claims that the war in Iraq and Afghanistan prompted neighboring nations to consider democracy such as Egypt and Syria (2005). This did not happen because President Hosni Mubarak only stepped down after his country threatened to go into civil unrest and the pressure for the Obamas administration. Syrias civil unrest is currently underway with death toll of thousands of civilians fighting for a democratic nation. The Bush administration neglected to listen to the plead of Americans who condemned the war by saying that a problem cannot be solved by the same mechanism that was used in causing it: violence. However, the Bush administration declared war on Iraq and Afghanistan and deployed troops to search for weapons of mass destruction and fight for democracy. The opponents of the war against terrorism were demoralized when President Bush was reelected to serve the second term in office. Democ racy became the new reason for the war in Iraq after the other ones turned out to be lies or have been eliminated (weapons of mass destruction, Al-Qaeda, disarming Saddam and eliminating terrorists) (Selfa, 2005). The U.S. only choses the countries it wants to democratize because of valuable resource or free markets. Americas Fifth Fleet headquarters is located in Bahrain. The locals of Bahrain always protest the U.S. military base in their country but due to the countrys dictatorship, their concerns are muted. The emir of Bahrain declared himself sovereign in 2002 (Selfa, 2005). He further explains that in 2005, about 80,000 locals disobeyed the governments ban on protests against his appointees. The nations Sunni rulers who are the minority used force to repress the demonstrators and the U.S. did not comment on the repression of democracy (Selfa, 2005). The Bush administration invaded Iraq because of oil, a natural resource that could sustain the economy of the U.S. for decades. In acquiring the oil, the war against terrorism has to be used to cover up the real purpose of the unprovoked war. Conclusion America plays both parts of being an empire and a republic. The U.S. foreign policy causes both good and harm to Americans and foreign nations. As an empire, the U.S. has complete power over global economy, defense system, information and entertainment. The U.S. can increase and reduce the value of the U.S. dollar to improve and sustain its economy, it can deploy its military troops to any country that has valuable resources and its culture is adopted in almost all countries worldwide with the exception of some African countries and all Arab nations. America deserves the power it has because of the efforts, resources and intelligence that were used to acquire and maintain it. Other alternative super powers such as China and Japan do not have the military personnel, stable economy or appropriate culture that can be imposed on other nations once they have the power. On the other hand, the U.S. foreign policy causes destruction; death and trauma to nations that do not abide by the rules and regulations set by the U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan have both witnessed the dangerous side of the U.S. foreign policy in acquiring valuable resources such as oil and promoting democracy to enhance free markets. Buy custom War and the Republic essay

Discuss Rome's Three Heirs (Please see the instruction) Essay

Discuss Rome's Three Heirs (Please see the instruction) - Essay Example irers of Roman culture and allowed the Roman language Latin to co-exist with the tribal languages, retaining the Roman system of Government and accommodating themselves to Roman culture. Rome was also the cultural context within Christianity was born and the invading tribes took to the new religion, especially through the influence of the Franks who helped to convert most of the barbarians to Roman Christianity. The European civilizations therefore brought about a relatively peaceful transition from Roman to Germanic rule, although there was an initial economic collapse due to the marauding barbarians. However, the final result was that the Roman language, the Catholic religion and Roman law and Government triumphed in the west European regions in the post-Roman era. Constantinople in the eastern part of the Roman Empire became the imperial capital of the Byzantine Empire. As opposed to the barbarians of the west, this empire was comprised of Hellenistic, Greek, Roman and Judaic elements. The origin of the empire was the rebuilding of Byzantium as Constantinople in 324, which was followed by the expansion of the empire into Asia Minor and the spread of the Islamic religion, up to 1204 when the Byzantine empire fell to the Ottoman Turks. The first phase of the Byzantine empire under emperor Justinian was the most remarkable in terms of political and cultural achievement. From a cultural perspective, Constantinople represented the crossroads of the Asian and European civilizations. From a legal perspective, Justinian ordered a collation and revision of Roman law. As a result, the law was codified to eliminate excessive legal decrees and introduce clear, enforceable laws. The corpus juris civilis or the body of civil law was produced, which contained the precepts of the law and also contained Justinian’s code of bringing subjects under the authority of a single sovereign, which latter also became the foundation of European law. The Government was centralized

Digital and Marketing Communications Assignment

Digital and Marketing Communications - Assignment Example Introduction Social media has become an integral part of modern business management practices especially for the past few years. Most of the business firms have already appointed their own social media managers so as to pace with the emerging trend in the business communication tactics. The dramatic change with regard to business communication and business promotion strategies can be attributed to the increasing number of people using social media to keep in touch with their loved ones today. In other words, social media networks like facebook, Twitter, Orkut, Googletalk, etc have become the major platforms for millions of people across the world to interact with individuals from various cultures. Individuals obtain the opportunity to learn more about different cultural practices, norms, and beliefs this way. This is the context that forces business firms to perceive social media as the most innovative and rather potential podium for business promotion. Social media: An overview Inte rnet has been explosively growing over the last decade, for this worldwide network was found constructive for the whole world to be connected always. Internet has greatly changed the way people live and the mode they transact businesses. Needless to say, it is unimaginable to live without internet because this technology is playing a key role in different areas of the daily life. According to Wilder (2006, p. 204), one of the most noticeable effects of increased internet usage is that it promotes socialization, which is a dynamic learning process through which individuals and organizations change over time. Since internet influences cultural transitions, this global network significantly contributes to the pace of socialization (O’Keeffe 2011). Evidently, such dramatic improvements in information flow have had tremendous effects on the way companies run their day to day operations. Social communication websites like Facebook and Twitter allow people to open their own personal accounts and communicate with their friends around the world. It also allows people to make new acquaintances. The form of interaction addressed here is the facility of adding photos and videos. The website allows account holders to add photos and videos, and the viewers of the profiles have the chance to ‘like’, ‘comment’ or ‘share’ the photo and video. When it comes to business perspective, ‘Twitter Business Profile’ allow business firms to communicate with an unlimited number of customers simultaneously. In the same way, ‘Facebook fan page’ also offers very good opportunities for businesses to build their brand image and communicate with their customers in no time. LinkedIn is another network that enables entrepreneurs to find out potential candidates directly. Sony and Social Media As mentioned already, Sony is one of the leading firms that utilises the scope of social media for the promotion of their brand image and business communication. At this juncture, it is relevant to quote the social media policy of the firm; â€Å"Sony participates in social media to listen, learn and share stories of the passionate people who help bring Sony to life† (Sony: Social Media). Among the companies that use social media and web 2.0 technologies, Sony holds the prominent position. They effectively communicate with

Stress and Burnout Essay Example for Free

Stress and Burnout Essay Burnout: A Challenge to the Human Services Roxanne Arballo BSHS 461 University of Phoenix Those who work in the Human Services field and nonprofit areas are highly vulnerable to burn out. 2010 provides larger numbers of clientele, forced human service personnel overtime work hours, on-call after hours, and other schedule and work imbalances. World population numbers are escalating as the budget for the health services is on a continual decline. Causes of burnout for the human services rofessional may be individual, cultural, organizational, supervisory, or from lack of social support. According to Johnson and Stone (1987), burnout refers to a state of physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion resulting from involvement with people in emotionally demanding situations. Three major factors of burnout (Maslach, Jackson, Letter, 1996) are emotional exhaustion, a feeling of low personal accomplishment with clients, and a sense of depersonalization (a dehumanizing, uncaring attitude toward clients). According to Maslach Letter, burnout is the egree of dislocation between what people are and what they have to do. Effects of burnout might appear in the form of exhaustion, detatchment, and feelings of ineffectiveness. These results might be from the gradual process of loss during which the mismatch between the needs of the person and the demands of the Job grows ever greater. Maslach and Leiter (1997) have summarized these causes into the categories of work overload, a lack of control, insufficient rewards (from money to joy), a breakdown in community, the absence of fa irness (trust, openness, and espect), and conflicting values. Previously labeled causes of burnout included types of organization, supervision, social support, and culture. More recently, Maslach and Leiter (1997) summarized these causes into the categories of work overload, lack of control, insufficient rewards (from money to Joy), breakdown in community, the absence of fairness (trust, openness, and respect), and conflicting values. To prevent these various stages of burnout, included are individual, Job role, and organizational methods. Some clients might be violent and Jeopardize the professionals safety. Demands for a workers time might prevent taking meal or rest breaks. Steps must be taken to protect them, to the degree possible, from some of the work-related stress that can lead to burnout. Cherniss (1980) suggests that a number of positive steps can be taken to lessen organizational stress and prevent burnout. These include a change in the way Jobs are structured. Flextime, part-time work, Job sharing, new program development, and new career options might help modify the routine patterns of the human service professional and lessen likelihood of burnout. In eference to the organization, members who share a sense of excitement, strong purpose, clear goals and objectives help create preventative measures for burnout. ensure that workers are doing meaningful work (Cherniss, 1995). Also monitored are overload with impossible demands and a feeling of decision-making autonomy appropriate for human service professionals. Support, information, and some degree of structure might be needed along with feedback and an understanding of their own importance as role models. A number of factors can stand in the way of good job performance and cause well-earned productivity to decline. These can include job-related stress and personal concerns. When it becomes a concern of the organization, it affects on-the-Job behavior. Employee assistance programs (EAPs) for workers experiencing such problems (Van Den Bergh, 1995) have been developed to include services like counseling and referrals as well as crisis management services. These programs enhance employee wellbeing, offer supervisor training, and create employee problem-solving task forces that are part of the EAPs used by an increasing number of organizations. One method l, as a student and human services worker, se to reduce personal and work-related stress is to spend at least 10 minutes alone each day. Whether I spend this time at home, the library, or driving in the car, this alone time seems to put me in a better mood. I find that regular exercise is another way to reduce stress and prevent burnout. I notice that the less I exercise, the higher my stress level is. I try to get outside, thank my Higher Power for everything including the hardships that might be potential for burnout, and share the success in these measures of prevention. Due to personal changes in my life, I am taking on new esponsibilities and find it hard to adjust to these added tasks in my daily routine. Therefore I am working to decrease stress and possible burnout through a growing passion and thanks for my family, future career, and faith. My belief that personal struggles are ways to learn and be a power source for other human services students and professionals are certain preventative measures I do and will continue to take against the threat of burnout. References Cherniss, C. (1980). Professional burnout in human service organizations. New York: Praeger. Cherniss, C. (1995). Beyond burnout. New York: Routledge. Johnson, M. , Stone, G. L. (1987).

Poor Qulity in the Home Construction Market :: Residential Housing Real Estate

With low finance rates more Americans are purchasing homes than ever before, but the quality of these mass constructed homes is dropping. Imagine breaking your back for ten years to save up for your first home and losing it all and more because your home fell victim to a fire. This is a common example of what may happen when a house is poorly constructed. Home builders are disregarding the much needed safety regulations when calculating their budgets. In the construction business time is money, and when time is an issue sacrifices are often made. It is these sacrifices that are lowering the standards of building within the home-building industry, costing Americans millions annually due to property losses and repair costs. Foundations are cracking due to poor engineering and rushed pouring processes, and homes are burning as if they were mere piles of kindling due to faulty wiring and the disregard of general fire precaution. A problem that has become increasingly more prevalent the l ast couple of years is the loss of property due to natural disasters. Regulations and guidelines have been developed and introduced into the construction industry to aid in preventing the destruction of homes in such a crisis. The devastation these natural disasters may cause accounts for billions annually but can drastically be reduced with stricter enforcement of precautionary measures outlined in construction regulation codes. Who should be held accountable? Maybe we should penalize the construction companies for ignoring what may seem like insignificant precautionary measures in order to complete projects on time and within budget. Or should we turn to the bigger picture and question the state or national level regulation agencies for their slacking enforcement and infrequent development of these imperative regulatory codes? Where ever the problem originates from, it needs to be resolved before the appeal of being an American homeowner loses its prestige. More importantly, homeo wners are at a financial and physical risk because safety and quality control has lost its priority. Purchasing a home is many times one of the most important investments a person or family may encounter. Most commonly homes are financed over periods ranging from ten to twenty years, but in some cases this is ample time for the integrity of poorly constructed homes to deteriorate beyond repair. This raises much concern within state regulatory agencies that overlook the lacking quality in thousands of homes built annually. Agencies such as the Texas Department of Regulation and Licensing and OSHA provide strict guidelines covering many different aspects of construction in order to insure quality and safety throughout the industry.

Sumatran Orangutan

The pongo abelii (Sumatran Orangutan) is classed as critically endangered under the IUCN red list. In 1994 the estimated number of Sumatran orangutan was 12,000. This number declined further in 2003 where the estimate shown 7,300 and again in 2008, estimating 6,500. This clearly is a massive reduction in the species population at a loss of 5500 orangutans in a 14 year period. The Sumatran orangutan lives on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, and is commonly found in the lowland and hilly tropical rainforests. Indonesia’s forests are threatened with legal and illegal logging and deforestation. This is a huge problem, not only to the orangutans but also to other plant and animal life. This is a difficult living situation for the orangutan, which are living in smaller areas which are located at the northern region of the island. With this consisting of lesser forest areas, this offers ease for the poachers and hunters. One of the bigger problems of this human threat to orangutans is the illegal pet trade. The poacher will have to kill the mother of the young they are snatching. This leaves the younger defenseless as they require care to survive. The younger orangutan is seen as a popular pet. This can also result in further decline in numbers as there are more being killed therefore less being unable to breed. The breeding period of the orangutan is much slower than that of any other primate. The smaller number of offspring being produced is not able to meet the rapidly decreasing orangutan population. Over time this will develop into a worse state as the decreasing numbers worsen. I have chosen to prioritize the pongo abelli (Sumatran orangutan). This is because of the current conservation status labeled on this species. The recovery of this species will be slow. Although the threats to the orangutan are similar to that of the other species, they are incapable of producing larger numbers to cope with the much needed larger population in order to exist and are more capable of becoming extinct.

College Learning About Special Education - 987 Words

Every morning I wake up to the same nightmare. I m in highschool and I am a chunky girl. All the boys and girl in the hallway look at me and giggle at me. I hear everything they say, â€Å"Hey! Look at that hippo† a boy screams! Everyone looks and starts screaming with laughter. I went home. Locked myself in my room and would cry. Even when I am locked in I hear noises of them laughing, taunting, and harassing me. This is when I wake up. I don t want anyone to go through the same experience that I went through. That s why I am helping kids with special needs. Jess Ogilvy. I m in college learning about special education. I want to help all the kid with special needs be successful in life and stand up As of right now I am helping a boy†¦show more content†¦We should join together and help them be as normal as possible. This is why I call Jacob over when Mark is here so he can learn about Jacob Today Jacob and I have a coffee date and I brought Mark. This will help Jacob with his social skills. The more he communicates with others the better the communication skills will be. Jacob come in and goes to the front to ask for an order â€Å" A cappuccino and bagel with butter†! I step in and say, â€Å" Jacob let s say it more politely like can I have a cappuccino and bagel with butter PLEASE†. Jacob repeats what I said. When he receives his order he says, â€Å"Thank you†. This makes me really happy. It shows that all the work that I put into him is paying off. We take our food and sit with Mark. Jacob wants him and Mark to be friends so he greets Mark. â€Å" Hey Mark, how are you?† Mark is mad that I brought Jacob with us and he doesn t respond. He turns to me and screams â€Å" why did you bring this retard to our date!† I respond â€Å"I need you to work together, he didn t even do anything he just said how are you.† Mark angrily replies, â€Å" He takes away my time from you and he has no future. He s a waste of time.† Mark marches out of the coffee shop and takes his car and leaves. I look around to see what Jacobs condition is. He is perfectly fine and has devoured his entire meal. I take Jacob drop him off at home and leave to my house. I get home fall into my bed and fall in my bed crying. I am in a deep sleep and